Engineering Overview
CsI(Tl) Array
Thallium-activated Cesium Iodide, CsI(Tl), is among the brightest scintillator materials available. It features high density, exceptional gamma-ray stopping power, excellent energy resolution, and high light output, resulting in superior detection efficiency for both gamma rays and X-rays. With no cleavage planes and excellent processability, CsI(Tl) can be machined into a wide variety of shapes. Furthermore, its long-wavelength emission spectrum (>500nm) makes it highly compatible with photodiode readout systems. CsI(Tl) crystals are frequently manufactured into linear and 2D arrays, which are widely utilized in X-ray security inspection systems, non-destructive testing (NDT), food inspection, and other applications.
At Atr Crystal, we manufacture custom CsI(Tl) linear and 2D arrays tailored to our customers' specific requirements. We typically utilize titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the reflective layer between individual pixels (elements). Our CsI(Tl) arrays deliver high resolution and superior sensitivity, ensuring exceptional imaging quality.
Additionally, we offer a specialized low-afterglow variant of CsI(Tl) crystal with an afterglow of 0.05~0.39% @ 20ms. This low-afterglow material retains the high light output of standard CsI(Tl) while significantly suppressing afterglow. This effectively minimizes the "trailing" effect in scanning radiation imaging systems, enhancing overall image clarity. It is the ideal choice for imaging applications that demand both high-quality resolution and rapid scanning speeds.
What Is CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array?
CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array CsI(Tl) scintillator arrays are pixelated cesium iodide thallium detector components for X-ray imaging, gamma detection, security inspection, and medical or industrial detector modules.
ATR Crystal supplies CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array for research, industrial, medical, security, and OEM projects. Dimensions, surface finish, packaging, readout matching, and inspection requirements can be reviewed according to your drawing or application.
Applications of CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array
X-ray imaging detector arrays
Security inspection systems
Medical and industrial CT detector research
Gamma camera and radiation imaging modules
High-energy physics detector development
Custom photodiode or SiPM-coupled detector blocks
Advantages of CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array
- High light outputCsI(Tl) provides high scintillation light output for practical X-ray and gamma-ray detector designs.
- Emission suited to photodiodesIts green emission is useful for silicon photodiode readout in many imaging systems.
- Custom pixelated geometryLinear and 2D arrays can be manufactured according to detector pitch and readout format.
- Good stopping efficiencyThe material provides useful stopping power for X-ray and gamma-ray detection.
- Reflector customizationReflector material and pixel isolation can be selected for light collection and crosstalk control.
- Application flexibilityCsI(Tl) can support compact imaging modules, arrays, and detector assemblies.
CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array Specifications
Key Specifications and Options
| Parameter | Typical Value / Option |
|---|---|
| Chemical formula | CsI:Tl |
| Density | Approx. 4.51 g/cm3 |
| Emission peak wavelength | Approx. 550 nm |
| Decay time | Approx. 1000 ns, with application-dependent afterglow |
| Hygroscopicity | Slightly hygroscopic; packaging requirements depend on environment |
| Typical use | X-ray imaging and gamma detection arrays |
Comparison with Related Scintillator Arrays
Use this table to compare common pixelated scintillator array choices at the design-selection stage. Final selection should still be confirmed against pixel size, reflector, readout, and test conditions.
| Design Point | LYSO(Ce) Array | GAGG(Ce) Array | BGO Array | CdWO4 Array | CsI(Tl) Array |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density / stopping power | High, about 7.1-7.4 g/cm3 | High, about 6.6 g/cm3 | High, about 7.13 g/cm3 | Very high, about 7.9 g/cm3 | Moderate, about 4.51 g/cm3 |
| Timing / decay behavior | Fast, about 32-44 ns depending on type | Fast to balanced, type dependent | Slower, about 300 ns | Very slow, about 14000 ns | Slower, about 1000 ns |
| Typical strength | PET, TOF-PET, compact gamma imaging | High light output, no Lu-176 background | Compact stopping power, no intrinsic background | Low afterglow CT and scanning systems | High light output and photodiode matching |
| Handling | Non-hygroscopic | Non-hygroscopic | Non-hygroscopic | Non-hygroscopic | Slightly hygroscopic |
Original Product Data Tables
The following technical tables are retained from the existing product page for specification review.
| Reflector Types and Thicknesses of CsI(Tl) Array | |
| Material | Thickness of reflector material + adhesive |
| TiO2 | ≥0.1 mm |
| Teflon | 0.15 – 0.5 mm |
| Different Scintillator Material Types of CsI(Tl) Array | |||
| Type | Relative Light Output of NaI(Tl) | Decay time | Afterglow |
| Standard type | 45% | 1000 ns | 0.5~5%@6ms |
| Low afterglow type | 40% | 1000 ns | 0.05~0.39%@20ms |
| Properties of CsI(Tl) Crystal | |
| Relative Light Output of NaI(Tl) (%) | 40% low afterglow; 45 standard |
| Scintillation Decay Time (ns) | 1000 |
| Emission Peak Wavelength (nm) | 550 |
| Refractive Index (peak wavelength) | 1.8 |
| Density（g/cm3） | 4.51 |
| Hygroscopic | Slight |
| Mohs hardness | 2 |
| Afterglow | 0.05~0.39%@20ms low afterglow; 0.5~5%@6ms standard |
| Light yield (photons/keV) | 48 low afterglow; 54 standard |
Customization and Quality Control
- Drawing reviewDimensions, tolerances, surface finish, and assembly details are reviewed before quotation.
- Material and geometry checkThe selected material and product geometry are checked against the intended application.
- Optical and visual inspectionSurface quality, chips, scratches, coating, and appearance can be inspected according to project requirements.
- Performance-related testingRelevant optical, scintillation, or laser-related checks can be discussed when test conditions are defined.
- Packaging supportProtective packaging, wrapping, housing, or handling requirements can be specified for shipment and integration.
- Prototype to batch supplySmall samples and repeat production can be supported depending on material availability and specification.
Frequently Asked Questions
What information is needed for a CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array quotation?
Please provide dimensions, tolerance, quantity, application, surface finish, packaging or assembly requirements, and any drawing or datasheet. For detector products, include readout and test conditions when available.
Can ATR Crystal customize CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array?
Yes. ATR Crystal can review custom geometry, material options, finishing, packaging, and inspection requirements according to the application.
What applications is CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array used for?
CsI(Tl) Scintillator Array is commonly considered for x-ray imaging detector arrays and related research or OEM systems where its material properties match the design requirements.
Which specifications should be confirmed before ordering?
Important items include Chemical formula, Density, Emission peak wavelength, Decay time. Final acceptance criteria should be agreed before production.
Can samples and production quantities both be supplied?
Sample and batch supply can usually be discussed, depending on material availability, geometry, tolerance, and processing complexity.
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